Microsoft SDL Core Training Course

Day 1

IT Security and Secure Coding

• The nature of security
• Terminology related to IT security
• Defining risk
• Various dimensions of IT security
• Requirements across different application domains
• IT Security versus Secure Coding
• From vulnerabilities to botnets and cybercrime
  • Characteristics of security flaws
  • Factors contributing to complexity
  • Progression from infected machines to targeted attacks
• Categorization of security flaws
  • Landwehr’s taxonomy
  • The Seven Pernicious Kingdoms
  • OWASP Top Ten 2013
  • Comparison of OWASP Top Ten (2003 – 2013)

Introduction to the Microsoft® Security Development Lifecycle (SDL)

• Agenda
• Applications under attack...
  • The evolution of cybercrime
  • Attacks are increasingly targeting applications
  • Most vulnerabilities reside in smaller ISV applications
• The origins of the Microsoft SDL...
  • Microsoft’s Security Timeline...
  • Applications required to adhere to SDL
• Microsoft Security Development Lifecycle (SDL)
  • Overview of the Microsoft Security Development Lifecycle (SDL)
  • Pre-SDL Requirements: Security Training
  • Phase One: Requirements
  • Phase Two: Design
  • Phase Three: Implementation
  • Phase Four: Verification
  • Phase Five: Release – Response Plan
  • Phase Five: Release – Final Security Review
  • Phase Five: Release – Archive
  • Post-SDL Requirement: Response
  • SDL Process Guidance for Line of Business (LOB) Apps
  • SDL Guidance for Agile Methodologies
  • The necessity of process improvement for secure software development

Secure Design Principles

• Attack surface
  • Reducing the attack surface
  • Attack surface – illustrative example
  • Analysis of the attack surface
  • Examples of attack surface reduction
• Privacy
  • Privacy considerations
  • Understanding application behaviors and associated concerns
• Defense in depth
  • Core SDL Principle: Defense in Depth
  • Defense in depth – example
• Principle of least privilege
  • Least privilege – example
• Secure defaults
  • Secure defaults – examples

Secure Implementation Principles

• Agenda
• Microsoft Security Development Lifecycle (SDL)
• Fundamentals of buffer overflows
  • Intel 80x86 Processors – primary registers
  • Memory address layout
  • Function calling mechanism in C/C++ on x86 architecture
  • Local variables and stack frames
  • Stack overflow
    • Buffer overflow on the stack
    • Exercises – introduction
    • Exercise: BOFIntro
    • Exercise: BOFIntro – Determining the stack layout
    • Exercise: BOFIntro – A simple exploit
• Input validation
  • Concepts of input validation
  • Integer issues
    • Representation of negative integers
    • Integer overflow
    • Arithmetic overflow – predicting the output
    • Exercise: IntOverflow
    • What is the result of Math.Abs(int.MinValue)?
  • Mitigating integer issues
    • Strategies for integer problem mitigation
    • Preventing arithmetic overflow – addition
    • Preventing arithmetic overflow – multiplication
    • Detecting overflow using the checked keyword in C#
    • Exercise – Utilizing the checked keyword in C#
    • Exceptions triggered by overflows in C#
  • Case study – Integer overflow in .NET
    • A real-world integer overflow vulnerability
    • Exploiting the integer overflow vulnerability
  • Path traversal vulnerability
    • Mitigation of path traversal

Day 2

Secure Implementation Principles

• Injection attacks
  • Common SQL Injection attack techniques
  • Blind and time-based SQL injection
  • Methods for SQL Injection protection
  • Command injection
• Broken authentication and password management
  • Exercise – Weaknesses in hashed passwords
  • Password management and storage
  • Specialized hash algorithms for password storage
• Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
  • Overview of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
  • CSS injection
  • Exploitation: Injection via other HTML tags
  • Preventing XSS
• Lack of function-level access control
  • Filtering file uploads
• Practical cryptography
  • Ensuring confidentiality with symmetric cryptography
  • Symmetric encryption algorithms
  • Block ciphers – modes of operation
  • Hashing and message digests
  • Hash algorithms
  • Message Authentication Code (MAC)
  • Ensuring integrity and authenticity with symmetric keys
  • Ensuring confidentiality with public-key encryption
  • Best practice – Secure handling of private keys
  • Common errors in password management
  • Exercise – Hard-coded passwords
  • Summary

Secure Verification Principles

• Functional testing versus security testing
• Security vulnerabilities
• Prioritization strategies
• Integrating security testing into the SDLC
• Test planning steps (risk analysis)
• Scoping and information gathering
  • Identifying stakeholders
  • Identifying assets
  • Mapping the attack surface
  • Defining security objectives for testing
• Threat modeling
  • Fundamentals of threat modeling
  • Defining attacker profiles
  • Threat modeling using attack trees
  • Threat modeling based on misuse/abuse cases
  • Misuse/abuse cases – A simple web shop example
  • Applying the STRIDE per element approach to threat modeling (MS SDL)
  • Identifying security objectives
  • Diagramming – Examples of DFD elements
  • Data flow diagram – Example
  • Threat enumeration – MS SDL’s STRIDE and DFD elements
  • Risk analysis – Classifying threats
  • The DREAD threat/risk ranking model
• Security testing techniques and tools
  • General testing approaches
  • Techniques for various SDLC stages
• Code review
  • Code review for software security
  • Taint analysis
  • Heuristics
• Static code analysis
  • Overview of static code analysis
  • Exercise – Using static code analysis tools
• Testing the implementation
  • Manual runtime verification
  • Manual versus automated security testing
  • Penetration testing
  • Stress testing
• Fuzzing
  • Automated security testing – Fuzzing
  • Challenges associated with fuzzing
• Web vulnerability scanners
  • Exercise – Using a vulnerability scanner
• Environment checking and hardening
  • Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS)
  • Vulnerability scanners
  • Public databases
• Case study – Forms Authentication Bypass
  • NULL byte termination vulnerability
  • The Forms Authentication Bypass vulnerability in code
  • Exploiting the Forms Authentication Bypass

Knowledge Sources

• Secure coding resources – A starter kit
• Vulnerability databases
• .NET secure coding guidelines on MSDN
• .NET secure coding cheat sheets
• Recommended books – .NET and ASP.NET